MadSci Network: Cell Biology
Query:

Re: Why are the centrioles of an animal cell arranged at 90 degrees to each

Date: Wed Apr 1 19:33:31 2009
Posted By: Mike Klymkowsky, Professor
Area of science: Cell Biology
ID: 1235031645.Cb
Message:

electrophori


If by "why" you mean "what is the purpose? "  the answer is not at all clear.   What is clear is that this is how new centrioles are made. 

Before mitosis, the centrioles separate and a new centriole grows at right angles to the "old" or mother centriole.   There is evidence that the mother centriole plays a role in defining cell geometry (check here). 

Each pair of centrioles is surrounded by a complex of proteins involved in the formation of microtubules - these microtubules are the major structural component of the molecular machine (the mitotic spindle), responsible for providing each daughter cell with a complete set of chromosomes.

 

Costello (1961) reviewed the early history of centriolar studies, and was left confused, to say the least.

Gunter Albrecht-Buehler has done much experimental work on centrioles, and proposes that they play a role in sensing the cell's external environment (check here).

On the other hand, the orientation of centrioles can be influenced by external factors (check here).

The reason that the "function" of the perpendicular orientation has been difficult to define scientifically is that it is not clear how to disrupt this orientation, and watch cell or organismic behavior. 

Without such experiments, we are left to speculate - we just can't say for sure what the orientation of centrioles "means".   


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